ايات واحاديث عن التوبة 2

16 - وعن أبي موسى عبد الله بن قيس الأشعري رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم قال : [ إن الله تعالى يبسط يده بالليل ليتوب مسيء النهار ويبسط يده بالنهار ليتوب مسيء الليل حتى تطلع الشمس من مغربها ] رواه مسلم.

16. 16- Abu Musa Al-Ash`ari (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (PBUH) said: "Allah, the Exalted, will continue to stretch out His Hand in the night so that the sinners of the day may repent, and continue to stretch His Hand in the daytime so that the sinners of the night may repent, until the sun rises from the west".
[Muslim].
Commentary: This Hadith confirms an essential Attribute of Allah, i.e., the Hand which He stretches out anytime He wishes without drawing similarity to it, nor interpretation. Such was the attitude of the pious predecessors with regards to all of the essential Attributes of Allah. It is deduced from this Hadith that if one commits a sin during any hour of day or night, he should immediately seek the forgiveness of Allah as a result.

17 - وعن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم : [ من تاب قبل أن تطلع الشمس من مغربها تاب الله عليه ] رواه مسلم .

17- Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) narrated: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "He who repents before the sun rises from the west, Allah will forgive him".
[Muslim].
Commentary: Taubah means returning to Allah from sins. When a person commits a sin, he goes away from Allah. When he repents, he returns to Allah and desires for being pardoned by Him, and getting near Him. This returning towards Him is Taubah. When it is said that `Allah turns towards him', it means that Allah accepts his repentance.

18 - وعن أبي عبد الرحمن عبد الله بن عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم قال : [ إن الله عز و جل يقبل توبة العبد ما لم يغرغر ] رواه الترمذي وقال حديث حسن.

`18- Abdullah bin `Umar bin Al-Khattab (May Allah be pleased with them) reported that: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "Allah accepts a slave's repentance as long as the latter is not on his death bed (that is, before the soul of the dying person reaches the throat)".
[At-Tirmidhi, who categorised it as Hadith Hasan].
Commentary: The word Ghargharah means the stage when soul is about to leave the body and reaches the throat. In other words, the time when one suffers the agony of death.
Hadith Hasan means that Hadith the authenticity of which is connected without any technical defect. Their narrators, however, are next to those of Hadith Sahih. In the opinion of Muhaddithin (Hadith scholars), Hadith Hasan is also reliable as Hadith Sahih.

19 - وعن زر بن حبيش قال : أتيت صفوان بن عسال رضي الله عنه أسأله عن المسح على الخفين فقال : ما جاء بك يا زر ؟ فقلت : ابتغاء العلم . فقال : إن الملائكة تضع أجنحتها لطالب العلم رضا بما يطلب . فقلت : إنه قد حك في صدري المسح على الخفين بعد الغائط والبول وكنت امرأ من أصحاب النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم فجئت أسألك هل سمعته يذكر في ذلك شيئا ؟ قال : نعم كان يأمرنا إذا كنا سفرا أو مسافرين أن لا ننزع خفافنا ثلاثة أيام ولياليهن إلا من جنابة لكن من غائط وبول ونوم . فقلت : هل سمعته يذكر في الهوى شيئا ؟ قال : نعم كنا مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم في سفر فبينا نحن عنده إذ ناداه أعرابي بصوت له جهوري : يا محمد . فأجابه رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم نحوا من صوته [ هاؤم ] فقلت له : ويحك أغضض من صوتك فإنك عند النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم وقد نهيت عن هذا . فقال : والله لا أغضض . قال الأعرابي : المرء يحب القوم ولما يلحق بهم ؟ قال النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم : [ المرء مع من أحب يوم القيامة ] فما زال يحدثنا حتى ذكر بابا من المغرب مسيرة عرضه أو يسير الراكب في عرضه أربعين أو سبعين عاما ( قال سفيان أحد الرواة : قبل الشام ) خلقه الله تعالى يوم خلق السماوات والأرض مفتوحا للتوبة لا يغلق حتى تطلع الشمس منه ] رواه الترمذي وغيره وقال وقال حديث حسن صحيح.

19- Zirr bin Hubaish reported: I went to Safwan bin `Assal (May Allah be pleased with him) to inquire about wiping with wet hands over light boots while performing Wudu'. He asked me, "What brings you here, Zirr?'' I answered: "Search for knowledge". He said, "Angels spread their wings for the seeker of knowledge out of joy for what he seeks". I told him, "I have some doubts in my mind regarding wiping of wet hands over light boots in the course of performing Wudu' after defecation or urinating. Now since you are one of the Companions of the Prophet (PBUH), I have come to ask you whether you heard any saying of the Prophet (PBUH) concerning it?". He replied in the affirmative and said, "He (PBUH) instructed us that during a journey we need not take off our light boots for washing the feet up to three days and nights, except in case of major impurity (after sexual intercourse). In other cases such as sleeping, relieving oneself or urinating, the wiping of wet hands over light boots will suffice.'' I, then, questioned him, "Did you hear him say anything about love and affection?'' He replied, "We accompanied the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) in a journey when a bedouin called out in a loud voice, `O Muhammad.' The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) replied him in the same tone, `Here I am.' I said to him (the bedouin), `Woe to you, lower your voice in his presence, because you are not allowed to do so.' He said, `By Allah! I will not lower my voice,' and then addressing the Prophet (PBUH) he said, `What about a person who loves people but has not found himself in their company.' Messenger of Allah (PBUH) replied, `On the Day of Resurrection, a person will be in the company of those whom he loves.' The Messenger of Allah then kept on talking to us and in the course of his talk, he mentioned a gateway in the heaven, the width of which could be crossed by a rider in forty or seventy years".
Sufyan, one of the narrators of this tradition, said: "This gateway is in the direction of Syria. Allah created it on the day He created the heavens and the earth. It is open for repentance and will not be shut until the sun rises from that direction (i.e., the West) (on Doomsday)".
[At-Tirmidhi, who categorised it as Hadith Hasan Sahih]
Commentary:
1- We learn from this Hadith that in ablution, it is permissible to wipe over light boots rather than washing the feet. It is called Mash. The period, in which Mash is intact, in case of travellers it is three days and three nights; while for the residents, it is one day and one night only. A precondition for it is that light boots should be clean and worn after full Wudu'. Ankles should also be covered. In case of breach of ablution, the wiping over the socks is sufficient, and there is no need for washing the feet. Wudu' is invalidated by sleeping, call of nature and passing of wind. This is called Hadath Asghar. In the case of Hadath Akbar, which occurs because of coitus, menses and wet dream, washing of the whole body becomes obligatory. It means that the privilege of wiping over the light boots is also finished in this case, in the same way as it does after the expiry of period specified for it.
2- One should associate himself with the pious people so that he is counted among them. One also comes to know many other points from this Hadith which every intelligent person can understand with a little effort.

20 - وعن أبي سعيد سعد بن مالك بن سنان الخدري رضي الله عنه أن نبي الله صلى الله عليه و سلم قال : [ كان فيمن كان قبلكم رجل قتل تسعة وتسعين نفسا فسأل عن أعلم أهل الأرض فدل على راهب فأتاه فقال إنه قتل تسعة وتسعين نفسا فهل له من توبة ؟ فقال لا فقتله فكمل به مائة ثم سأل عن أعلم أهل الأرض فدل على رجل عالم فقال إنه قتل مائة نفس فهل له من توبة ؟ فقال : نعم ومن يحول بينه وبين التوبة ؟ انطلق إلى أرض كذا وكذا فإن بها أناسا يعبدون الله تعالى فاعبد الله معهم ولا ترجع إلى أرضك فإنها أرض سوء . فانطلق حتى إذا نصف الطريق أتاه الموت فاختصمت فيه ملائكة الرحمة وملائكة العذاب . فقالت ملائكة الرحمة : جاء تائبا مقبلا بقلبه إلى الله تعالى وقالت ملائمة العذاب : إنه لم يعمل خيرا قط فأتاهم ملك في صورة آدمي فجعلوه بينهم - أي حكما - فقال : قيسوا ما بين الأرضين فإلى أيتهما كان أدنى فهو له فقاسوا فوجدوه أدنى إلى الأرض التي أراد فقبضته ملائكة الرحمة ] متفق عليه
وفي رواية في الصحيح [ فكان إلى القرية الصالحة أقرب بشبر فجعل من أهلها ]
وفي رواية في الصحيح : [ فأوحى الله تعالى إلى هذه أن تباعدي وإلى هذه أن تقربي وقال قيسوا ما بينهما فوجدوه إلى هذه أقرب بشبر فغفر له ]
وفي رواية [ فنأى بصدره نحوها ]

20. 20- Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Prophet of Allah (PBUH) said: "There was a man from among a nation before you who killed ninety-nine people and then made an inquiry about the most learned person on the earth. He was directed to a monk. He came to him and told him that he had killed ninety-nine people and asked him if there was any chance for his repentance to be accepted. He replied in the negative and the man killed him also completing one hundred. He then asked about the most learned man in the earth. He was directed to a scholar. He told him that he had killed one hundred people and asked him if there was any chance for his repentance to be accepted. He replied in the affirmative and asked, `Who stands between you and repentance? Go to such and such land; there (you will find) people devoted to prayer and worship of Allah, join them in worship, and do not come back to your land because it is an evil place.' So he went away and hardly had he covered half the distance when death overtook him; and there was a dispute between the angels of mercy and the angels of torment. The angels of mercy pleaded, 'This man has come with a repenting heart to Allah,' and the angels of punishment argued, 'He never did a virtuous deed in his life.' Then there appeared another angel in the form of a human being and the contending angels agreed to make him arbiter between them. He said, `Measure the distance between the two lands. He will be considered belonging to the land to which he is nearer.' They measured and found him closer to the land (land of piety) where he intended to go, and so the angels of mercy collected his soul".
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
In another version: "He was found to be nearer to the locality of the pious by a cubit and was thus included among them". Another version says: "Allah commanded (the land which he wanted to leave) to move away and commanded the other land (his destination) to draw nearer and then He said: "Now measure the distance between them.' It was found that he was nearer to his goal by a hand's span and was thus forgiven". It is also narrated that he drew closer by a slight movement on his chest.
Commentary:
1- One comes to know from this Hadith that the gate of Taubah is open even for the worst of the sinners; and Allah forgives everyone provided he repents sincerely, the conditions for such repentance have already been discussed.
2- It is the duty of a religious scholar that while discussing a problem, he should keep in mind the psychological aspects of the questioner and adopt a policy which neither causes a change in the Injunction of Allah nor make the sinner reckless in his sins out of frustration.
3- When a situation warrants, angels appear in the form of men on Orders of Allah.

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